Economic growth Math Problem Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economic growth - Math Problem ExampleThis is important for an organization gets to get wind the weakest links in the organization and deals with them appropriately.Provided I have all information, regarding the average output per worker and the physical capital per worker for each of the countries, it is possible to address the relational productivity of the country. ConsideringIt is thus appropriate to state dividing the quarter root of the stated output per worker and dividing by physical capital per worker offers the relative productivity per worker for a each of the countries.The differences in the levels of production in a particular country mainly depend on output per-worker in the various organizations in the country. There are different organizations that let their workers operate without fol lowing up on the attitudes expressed by employees while working. Employees that perform naughtily under supervision are the main reason why the output per worker is usually low (Wei l, 2013). The consequent of this is the entire country having a low Gross Domestic Product and thus low productivity levels in some countries. However, there are some countries that are strict with regard to the surgery of the organizations and as expected the result of this is having hard working people, this raises the Gross Domestic Product. With a high GDP, the productivity levels are normally high. Government policies can lean to high productivity if for character they focus on the rights of workers and ensure that they receive fair treatment. This leads to workers with increased morale and consequently high productivity levels. Another example is having policies that seek to ensure that politicians do not interrupt economic processes and let the actual experts, economics, focus on these

A Purchasing Decision Essay Example for Free

A Purchasing Decision Essay1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of purchasing high-end versus low-end PDA devices for the medical exam center physicians?The advantages and disadvantages of purchasing high-end versus low-end PDA devices for the medical center physicians are that from the PDA device on a high-end of quality and price is that a physician back tooth do more with it a (PDA) squeeze out access the internet store reference material track collect tolerant data provide patient education material aide in the billing process and transmit electronic prescriptions. The disadvantages of a high-end PDA device are the cost of the item and learn associated with it on a limited budget.The advantages of purchasing low-end versus high-end PDA devices for the medical center physicians are that from the PDA device on a low-end of quality of and price would let in the administrator to comply with his budget. However, the disadvantages are that with a PDA device on a low -end of quality an there is a higher level of security essay and a physicians are limited to trusted functions due to the lower quality of software which in the end could actually result in others costs repair and aide issues cause by these limitations.2. What might the implications of a decision well-nigh purchasing PDA devices for physicians it this medical center? The possible implications of a decision somewhat purchasing PDA devices for physicians it this medical center could be from the high-end PDA the price would put a strain on the administrators budget and would affect other require of the medical center, and with a device on the low-end of quality an there is a higher level of security risk and a physicians are limited to certain functions due to the lower quality of software3. What are the limitations of the current decision-making process about a PDA investment?The limitation of the current decision-making process about a PDA investment is the administrators budget .4. What decision-making process would you propose for (IS) investment decision at the medical center? Should others be involved? Who? How lots? The decision-making process I would propose for (IS) investment decision at the medical center would be to bring all department heads of the medical center and the physicians unneurotic and discuss the need to make this purchase and the possible consequences of that decision.It is my understanding that the choice to make a purchase of this equipment for the medical center is understood to be a positive strategic move but the resulting actions of that purchase will affect everyone, and its for that reason I think everyone should be involved so issues and concerns can be addressed to make a choice together that will be in the best interest of the medical center.

Claire Fahys’s ‘Over There’ Essay Example for Free

Claire Fahyss Over T here EssayFahyss work over there is part of her depiction for the new metropolis, a series of work portraying the overcrowded, polluted urban life. The work is representational of urbanization and the dehumanized materialism of the modern society. The composition is a striking conclave of bold color strokes against a black and white backdrop. Bright red, orange and streaks of highlighter green are combined with black, white and shades of grey to achieve a distinguished tonality of color for the frame. A trine dimensional perception is created with the contour lines of the buildings vanishing in perspective.The artist has used mixed media to create a singular effect on cardboard. The artwork conveys a very gloomy image and represents chaos and destruction in the very composition or depiction. The buildings are twisted at unruly angles and the general composition is deliberately disorderly conveying the intended message to the viewer. The main content is t he confusion and the chaos surrounding the urban landscape. The work portrays a concrete jungle in contortion posing an analogy to the mechanical unearthly life pattern of the urban society.The subject enumerate is urbanism gigantic cities, towering skyscrapers and expansion of human population. Cities and vertical expansions were once considered to create a communal environment however these giant cities that aim at develop human relationships do have a dehumanized aspect. In the transition from the old real world to the new virtual world, human beings will extend to the scaring experience of their smallness relative to the mass (Claire Fahys and the new Metropolis, n . d) . Art here is used as a convincing medium of conference to convey a message, on the fearful aspect of dehumanization, to the community.Iman Malekis Memory of that rest home Image from http//imanmaleki. com/en/Galery/wish. htm Iman Maleki is a contemporary realist artist. The image chosen here does not fit in to the conventional sense of art, as it looks more like a photograph than a work of traditional art. The image is a three dimensional work of art with depth, perspective and an interesting play of light and shade. The medium used is oil on canvas. The various objects and forms are combined creatively rendering a swell up balanced organized outlook to the composition. The texture is soft and natural.The reflection of light on the wall is captured well. The openness of the house and its relationship to the various elements of nature represented in the work is conveyed clearly through an objective rendering of the sky, the greenery and the building itself. The woman portrayed is seemingly well absorbed in world of her own. The frame rekindles memories of a house with the many remembrances associated with it. The work has the effect of transporting the viewer to another plane of imagination, to another space totally a space that comes refreshingly alive in memory.The rendering of the brick, cement mortar, the weather marks on the brick and cement mortar, the woman in her traditional clothing, the unresolved part of her skin and every other element is captured to the finest detail. The image is objective and is representational of the house that is depicted in the framework. The main subject matter is the house itself detailed brick by brick and fond memories of that house conveyed visually. The colors used are soft, subtle and natural.ReferencesClaire Fahys and the new Metropolis, n . d. www. thefrenchartstudio. com. 26 July 2009

Strengths And Weaknesses Of Neighbourhoods Young People Essay

Strengths And Weaknesses Of Neighbourhoods Young People EssayThe phrase neighbourhood surrogate/regeneration relates to a series of programmes in place to ascertain local anaesthetic anaesthetic asks and develop ways to deal with p all overty and deprivation in the United Kingdom which argon known as Super Output Areas (SOAs). Local area based initiatives have been a universal approach to the problems that deprived neighbourhoods have endured in Britain since the 1960s. The majority of programmes at that prison term were very short term and tended to focus on single issues. In the late 1980s an integrated approach was tried. (Imrie and Raco, 2003).Initiatives counterbalanceed to increase in the 1990s and as a result of this, the number of the governance of neighbourhood regeneration came to be characterised by a series of interlinked and spati completelyy overlapping partnerships (Imrie and Raco, 2003 85). Labour introduced the neighbourhood renewal strategy plan in 2001, this was a new approach to tackle neighborly exclusion and indigence in the most poorest neighbourhoods in UK. Tony Blair talked about the innovation of The Neighbourhood Renewal Strategy in his speech to the nationwhere no- whizz is seriously disadvantaged by where they anticipate, where power, wealth and opportunity are in the hands of the to a greater extent not the few. This action plan is a crucial step in creating one nation, not separated by class, race or where people live the purpose of the strategy was to narrow the gap between out ascends in deprived areas and the rest (Social Exclusion Unit, 20011) The main aims of local based anti-poverty and alliance development programmes are to tackle the issue of social exclusion in the much deprived areas of the country.In relation to British social policy, the term social exclusion is comparatively new. The government has described social exclusion as a shorthand term for what can happen when people or areas suffer from a combi ne of linked problems such as unemployment, poor skills, low incomes, poor housing, high crime, bad health and family breakdown. (www.socialexclusion.gov.uk).There are many another(prenominal) different explanations for social exclusion, and many different factors which add to social exclusion, by examining the different factors programmes can be developed in order to address the problems and try to promote a to a greater extent cohesive society. The individual can contribute to social exclusion by the nature of their race, gender, culture, beliefs, disability etc.Lack of re comesLack of opportunities to workLearning opportunitieswellness issuesDecent housingDisruption of family life.Living in disadvantaged neighbourhoods (Haralambos and Holbron, 2004253)Anti-poverty and community development programmes are targeting these areas with improvements in social housing, re-developing existing social housing, increasing pedagogics opportunities (such as access to education and grant sc hemes for students), making health deal out more available, targeting the younger generation to educate on matters that will effect their future, elevation the profile of neighbourhoods.One of the projects I am more familiar with is the positive(predicate) come on programme (now known as Childrens Centres) and I am going to handle the strengths and weakness of the bone marrows. giving medications PoliciesIn 2003, the Government published a green paper called Every Child Matters. This was published alongside the report into the death of Victoria Climbie. The greenness Paper prompted debateions about current function for squirtren, young people and families. There was a wide consultation with staff that worked in childrens service, and with parents, children and young people. Following the consultation, the Government published Every Child Matters the Next Steps, and passed the Children Act 2004.The Act contributes a legislative spine for the wider strategy for improving chi ldrens lives. This covers the universal services which every child accesses, and more targeted services for those with additional needs Department of Education and Skills, Children Act 2004. http//www.dfes.gov.uk/publications/childrenactreportIndeed, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Gordon Brown MP, speaking about child poverty at the veritable Start Conference on 7 July 1999, acknowledges that poverty is a many-sided problem which requires many-sided solutionsFirst, we must tackle child poverty at its source the absence of work, in work poverty and providing increased financial view as for families to tackle child poverty, so that by our actions we lift a million and more children out of poverty.Second, what I want to concentrate on today, because improving public services health visitors, nurseries, playgroups, childcare, acquirement support in the poorest communities is vital to tackling child poverty, our sure Start programme will invest in young children in areas of grea test need.Third, we must mobilize not just government, local and national, but unpaid help and community action and in the programmes we are introducing not only in confident(predicate) Start but in the New Deal for Communities and our amplification of childcare provision we must mobilize the forces of concern and compassion in new partnerships to tackle child poverty.Fourth, as David Blunkett has said, we must make sure that all our schools are as good as our best. In the old economy it was possible to survive with the old inequalities an education system that advanced only the ambitions of the few. http//www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/633.htm cardinal achievementsLabour has under consentn the biggest expansion in early years education since 1945 investing 21 billion since 1997.Every three and four year old has the justly to a free nursery place, which we will extend from 12.5 hours a week to 15 hours by 2010.Since 1997, the number of registered childcare places is up by around 644 ,000 from a place for one in eight children to one in four children.Delivered nearly 3,000 Sure Start Childrens centres, graveling two million children and their families.Labour has expand nationally the Bookstart scheme which gives every one and two year old a satchel of books and every three and four year old a hoarded wealth chest of books and crayons. http//www.labour.org.uk/early_yearsSure StartSure Start was the Labour Governments programme that aimed to deliver the best start in life for every child. They bring unneurotic early education, family support, childcare, health and welfare advice. It aims to develop services in some of the more disadvantaged areas (identified by the multiple of deprivation indices. In Sure Start there is a normally a central office where all the team work together to support children and families in the local areas. The sure start programme was initially a ten year programme but was abolished in favour of childrens Centres. The change from Sure S tart has not really been notice and is calm referred to as Sure Start.Amid all the hullabaloo about the governments 10-year childcare strategy, one quite momentous change has gone relatively unnoticed the governments much-lauded Sure Start programme has been abolished. N. Glass, The Guardian, Wednesday January 5 2005The Sure Start centres, provided integrated services including health services and family support services, as well as childcare. The different services that children centres provide for children and families contribute to the Every Child Matters outcomes. Local authorities lead in planning and implementing centres.Some of the services I have seen implemented at RoseHill include, support that has been individually tailored to meet the families and their childrens needs such as, parenting assessment, working with families in the seat or at the centre based on a one to one basis, providing parenting courses that aim to improve parental skills so improve the life and cha nces for children. There are also family workers at the centre that deal with over 11s and their families and carers, this service aims to work through problems the family may have and keep the children at their homes with their parents. One big issue the centre faces in relation to families is that of extended families and the centre provides a much needed support framework and advice for children and families that are going through divorce and separation issues, given the families a safe environment to discuss issues and problems. Along side this are the other services normally associated with a Children Centre, education courses, healthy eating, reading and writing support, I.T. help, employment help such as C.V. writing and interview techniques, and childcare support.Some of the members includeEducation advisersActivities Volunteer co-coordinatorsMidwivesCrche WorkersHealth VisitorsPlay workersSpeech and language therapistChild care advisorsFamily Support (Social ServicesPEEP W orkersIT TrainersOne of the most important facts that impacted on the programme was that the Sure Start programme was not allowed to run its estimable ten years span, and slight or no follow-up evidence was available for analysis, before expansion.With principal responsibility for Sure Start alongside my DfES colleagues, I had to argue against its immediate expansion on the grounds that it would be better to accumulate some experience of running it first. (By the October 1999, when I first discussed the scheme with the prime minister there were only two local projects actually running). My arguments did not win the day and in July 2000 the programme was extended to 550 local projects. Norman Glass corporation Guardian, 20051The Sure Start programme was very generously funded and when the programme was agreed to be spread around a further 3,500 centres, the money had to come from somewhere. This meant that the generous funding had to be more evenly distributed. This has meant th at the centres had very limited funding and cuts had to be made.Although the Sure Start programme did not continue for the practiced planned ten year term and lost most of the generous funding, many of the good practice is carried out in the Children Centres that followed the Sure Start initiatives one of which is PEEP.PEEP is an early learning intervention, which aims to contribute towards improving the life chances of children, particularly in disadvantaged areas.It concentrates on supporting parents/carers to develop three particular aspects of learning with their childrenliteracy and numeracyself-esteemlearning dispositionsThe PEEP Learning Together programmefocuses on how to make the most of the learning opportunities in everyday life at home listening, talking, playing, singing, sharing books and having funPEEP supports parents and carersin their role as the first educators of their children. It works with adults about their childrens very early learning. http//www.peep.org .uk/section.asp?id=5Another flaw of the Sure Start centres was that although Sure Start centres were based in deprived areas not all deprived children lived in these neighbourhoods.Because not all disadvantaged children live in deprived areas each small sure start programme could serve only a minority of disadvantaged children those from adjacent areas could not could not embark and local authorities and health agencies were faced with relatively well-financed early years programmes in one part of their domain and much less well provided areas adjacent door. This was very touchy to handle. Norman Glass cabaret Guardian, 20051We know that children who grow up in poor families are less likely to reach their full potential, less likely to stay on at school, or even attend school, more likely to fall into the dead end of unemployment and poverty as an adult, more likely to become unmarried teenage mothers, more likely to be in the worst jobs or no jobs at all, more likely to be tra pped in a no win situation poor when young, unemployed when older. http//www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/633.htmAnother weakness of the centres is that it involves trying to motivate and enthrone the local community to identify their needs and participate in the management side of the day to day running. This requires community workers who have good community and social skills to encourage local community members to actively take part. The concerns were that after the ten years were up that the community centres would not have been taken on by the local members and the centres would eventually be closed down.The Childrens Centre at Rosehill was formerly a Sure Start Centre and the differences are striking. The centre has lost a vast amount of staff members and the funding has been cut considerably. The workers continue to provide opportunities for the local parents and children so the principles of Sure Start are being maintained. Some of the local projects are working well such as the Rec laim your garden for food, Further education for parents, IT sessions, and one particular programme that I am problematic with is Without Walls. Without Walls aims to network within the community to bring people together and try out new activities. It aims to break down barriers between people by organising little trips and coffee mornings with a view to a residential trip in the near future. The strengths of this project are that it encourages members of the community to mix with different groups within the community and to form a bond between them. Encouraging and empowering people to try different activities in a comfortable and safe environment. The only draw grit is that Community Development takes time, patience and enthusiasm.Disadvantaged communities have to be persuaded to participate and their natural suspicious leads them to hang back until there is something to show. Norman Glass Society Guardian, 20051The childrens centre network is still being expanded, and there wi ll be up to 2,500 childrens centre throughout the country. Centers will be established to provide the most disadvantaged areas with links to local childcare networks and Job centre Plus. The ten-year strategy for childcare recommends that more local area based and to ensure that services are more accessible.The Strengths of Local based and community development programs areThe strengths of these projects are-Brings diversity to local areasRaises education within the communityBuilds social hoodPromotes a more healthy lifestyleFacilitates more parents to be able to return to workDevelops individual social skillsEncourages participation of community membersPromotes cohesivenessUses a bottom up approach as opposed to top downCreates Job opportunitiesAttracts other resourcesHas local government involvementThe Limitations of Local based and community development programs areIt doesnt always reach those that vulnerable and excludedResources limited opportunitiesCan cause discrimination ov er resourcesFunding limitationsCan be difficult to evaluate/target and identify objectivesTime consumingCan have funding limitationsThe project was aimed at parents to enable them to raise their children themselves, this in itself can prove difficult as many different cultures, races and societies have different views on what is considered successful parenting. Some of the more successful local projects seen at Rosehill/Littlemore Childrens Centre have been the parenting courses and frustrate G, a group set up specifically to target under 25s with young children and childcare courses. This has brought a diverse group from the community together and is still successfully recruiting members that might not have attended the centre for various reasons. Again outreach work has enabled this to happen.In conclusion, local based area projects are as successful so long as participation is encouraged and that the projects are based on the communities needs. Community workers must continue t o empower local residents to take part and in part, own the projects themselves in order for it to be sustainable. The most important part of any project is to reach the more vulnerable members of the local population this can be achieved by successful outreach work. The success of any local area based projects depends entirely on the community workers personal skills and support from local authorities, along with a good community based knowledge. To be able to continue with all the work at Childrens Centres) I believe the projects need more funding to grow and sustain the important work carried out by these centres. Only with more government funding will they survive and be successful.Bibliographies and Referencingwww.socialexclusion.gov.uk, 3rd November 2008Haralambos and Holborn, 2004, Sociology, Themes and Perspective, Sixth Edition, HarperCollins Publishers Limited.Brown, G., (1999) Speech by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Gordon Brown MP, at the Sure Start Conference, 7 Jul. 1999, London HM Treasury (online). http//www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/633.htm November 3rd 2008Glass, N., 2005 sure as shooting some mistake? Society Guardian 5th January, pg1Glass, N., The Guardian, Wednesday January 5 2005, pg 1http//www.dfes.gov.uk/publications/childrenactreport 20th October 2008, 10.23amhttp//www.labour.org.uk/early_years 21st October 2008, 10.39amhttp//www.peep.org.uk/section.asp?id=5 20th October 2008, 10.13amImrie, R. and Raco, M. (2003), Urban Renaissance. New Labour, community and urban policy. Bristol, The Policy Press

Sample Code of API’s Controls in Written Javascript

Sample Code of APIs Controls in Written Javascript make use of strict// fit to load Facebook JavaScript.var loadFacebookJS = decease () blockUI()if ($(modalWindowDivControl FacebookDivision).contents().find(.fb-share-button).attr(data-href)) unBlockUI()(function () var e = document.createElement(script)e.type = text/javascripte.src = document.location. protocol + //connect.facebook.net/en_US/all.jsxfbml=1appId=297301533752770e.async = truedocument. recrudesceElementById(fb-root).appendChild(e) ())else setTimeout(loadFacebookJS, 200)// freez the screen until the whole page loadsfunction blockUI(controllerId, capacity) controllerId = controllerId ctl00_gridDiv mental object = message Processing Please Waitmessage = + message + if ($(blockMessage).length == 0) $( + controllerId).append($().attr(id, blockMessage).css(display, none).html(message)) else $(blockMessage).html(message)var controller = $( + controllerId).data()if (controller = indefinable controller = null controller blockUI.isBlocked = undefined controllerblockUI.isBlocked = null controllerblockUI.isBlocked == 1) indemnification$( + controllerId).block(message $(blockMessage),css border none,padding 15px,backgroundColor eee,-webkit-border-radius 10px,border-radius 10px,opacity .9,color 444,display inline,width 35%)function unBlockUI(controllerId) controllerId = controllerId ctl00_gridDiv$( + controllerId).unblock()LinedIn Js fileuse strict// funtion to check and load linkedin JS.var LoadLinkedinJS = function () blockUI()if ($(modalWindowDivControl LinkedinFrame).contents().find(LinkedinButton).attr(data-url)) unBlockUI()$.getScript(http//platform.linkedin.com/in.js)else setTimeout(LoadLinkedinJS, 200)// freez the screen until the whole page loadsfunction blockUI(controllerId, message) controllerId = controllerId ctl00_gridDivmessage = message Processing Please Waitmessage = + message + if ($(blockMessage).length == 0) $( + controllerId).append($().attr(id, blockMessage).css(display, non e).html(message)) else $(blockMessage).html(message)var controller = $( + controllerId).data()if (controller = undefined controller = null controllerblockUI.isBlocked = undefined controllerblockUI.isBlocked = null controllerblockUI.isBlocked == 1)return$( + controllerId).block(message $(blockMessage),css border none,padding 15px,backgroundColor eee,-webkit-border-radius 10px,border-radius 10px,opacity .9,color 444,display inline,width 35%)function unBlockUI(controllerId) controllerId = controllerId ctl00_gridDiv$( + controllerId).unblock() reflect Share Modal windowuse strict//This JavaScript is Main script for all Social Networks Connections and Communication.//Created on 03/04/2014//Created by Devank Agarwalvar SocialNetworkingJavaScript = function () var jobApplicationUrl = //function return the JobApplicationUrlthis.CreateJobApplicationURl = function (JobId) jobApplicationUrl = job uniform re man-made lake locator(JobId)// Alert to check the shared url.//alert(jobApplicatio nUrl)return jobApplicationUrl//function that creates dynamic url including tenant,source,user and job id.function jobURL(JobId) var host = location.hostvar URL = // Just a dummy url to make the it run on localhost.if (host.indexOf(ams.hirepro.in) = -1host.indexOf(db1.hirepro.in)=-1) URL = getLiveUrl()else URL = http//d.ams.hirepro.in/amserdemo/public/JobApplication/Default.aspx/?URL += getTenantUserAndJobIDEncryption()//alert(URL)return URL//function to get all the values for queryString.var escapedURL = function () var false name = getTenantAdamInfo().TenantAliasvar SourceId = getSourceId()var UserId = readCookie(userId)var EncrpytedJobId = $(control_Use_It_For_Setting_Attributes).attr(RecentlyEncryptedJobId)//alert to check the values//return (alias%3D + alias + %25userid%3D + UserId + %25sourceid%3D + SourceId + %25jobid%3D + JobId)return (alias= + alias + userid= + UserId + sourceid= + SourceId + jobid= + EncrpytedJobId)// function to fect virtual path of that hosting dynamical ly.var fetchVirtualDirectoryName = function () var arrayOfPathName = location.pathname.split(/)return arrayOfPathName1// function to get encrypted source id from the hidden field.var getSourceId = function () return $( + GetClientId(hfEncryptedSourceId)).val()// function to escape the url but presently not used.var getTenantUserAndJobIDEncryption = function () var URL = escapedURL()//return escape(URL)return URL// function to get the live url dynamically.var getLiveUrl = function () var protocol = location.protocolvar hostName = location.hostnamevar host = location.hostvar liveURL = liveURL += protocol + // + host + /liveURL += (host.indexOf() == -1) ? fetchVirtualDirectoryName() liveURL += /public/JobApplication/?liveURL += getTenantUserAndJobIDEncryption()return liveURLHTML code for Share job Modal windowEmailDirectHi,I would like to announce a new job opening in our organization. A complete job descriptionis available on the link provided below. Eligible individuals interested i n applyingfor this arrangement may submit an application on the link belowSocial Media sprint=border-style none border-color inherit border-width mediumoverflow hidden scrolling=noframeborder=0 style=border-style none height 350px width 100% border-color inheritborder-width medium overflow hidden

Effect of Odour and Lighting Intensity on Memory Recall

Effect of Odour and Lighting Intensity on Memory RecallGalindez, Dale GilbertVarela, Sebastian FrancoYarte, Sonja LynnZaidem, Arwin AlexisThe Effect of Intensity of odor and Lighting of Environment to Memory RecallThe principle of encoding specificity has been a key factor for h senioring repudiate. It has been found that a mortal has a high chance of retrieving an information if they are in the same(p) place where they seduce encoded the information (Tulving and Thomson, 1973). However, even if a person is in the exact place where he encoded the information, there are factors that should be considered to make the principle of encoding specificity stronger.A key factor would be attention. Attention usually refers to concentration on a particular aspect of the external environment, although it is possible to attend to ones own thoughts and other internal states. The essence of the typical habituate of the term is captured in a statement by 19th century German physiologist Herma nn von Helmholtz, who noted that an observer who is steadily gazing at a fixation mark can, at the same time, concentrate attention on any given part of the visual field. The intend in space, to which one is directing ones eyes and the point to which one is attending to, thus are not necessarily the same, and one does not behave to move the eyes to shift visual attention (Chastain, 2014). some other would be state-dependent memory. A person is more likely to recover an information if he is back in the original state when he first encoded the information. An workout would be if a person consumed a substantial amount of alcohol when they learned a certain information. There is a higher probability for the person to hatch the same information if he is to consume the same substantial amount of alcohol compared to trying to remember the information without consuming alcohol at all.If those two factors are important in memory recall, then the reduction or removal of either factors e ntrust make encoding specificity significantly washyer. In that case, we, the researchers, plan on testing whether chroma of odor and lighting of the environment will have a significant depression to memory recall.Because of these two factors that concern memory recall, we have formulated questions which we intend to development about. We question if the intensity of odor alone will have a significant effect to memory recall. We also question if the lighting of an environment alone will have a significant effect to memory recall. Finally, we also question if both the intensity of odor and lighting of the environment will have a significant effect to memory recallWe have formulated three hypotheses that will effect our research questions. We believe that the intensity of odor will have a significant effect to memory recall. We also believe that the lighting of the environment will have a significant effect to memory recall. Lastly, we believe that the intensity of odor and ligh ting of the environment will have a significant effect to memory recall.Literature ReviewAfter the study has been done by Tulving and Thomson in 1973, umpteen people questioned that the validity of the study seemed more correlational than causational. Because of these uncertainties, many studies were done by and by the original study.Pointer and Bond (1998) used the same principle but it was focused on the context-dependent memory. The study was done by having the participants remember a passage which was previously accumulateed for 21 times. The paper in which the passage was printed was scented with peppermint, and was colored bright yellow. Then, the researchers measured how many chunks the participants were able to remember after they were made to answer a word search puzzle. A half or a full point was given to the participants for every right chunk they gave. It was found out that context-dependent memory is present in the olfactory cue, but not in the visual cue.Another stu dy based from the original study was Encoding Specificity Manipulations do Affect Retrieval from Memory (Zeelenberg, 2005). The study describes two kinds of errors people may make with regards to memory. One is errors of omission wherein people fail to retrieve information in their memory and the other one is errors of commission wherein people retrieve information that did not actually happen. This study focuses and questions the idea of how people account statement what they have retrieved. The study mainly points out that what the participants have retrieved, whether right or wrong, is not necessarily what they report. Participants in an encoding specificity experiment may actually have retrieved the right words but due to their lack of confidence and in an attempt to reduce the number of mistakes they might commit, they do not report what they have retrieved.Due to the experimenters awareness that errors like this may affect their results, the method they used were the presenta tion of a target word, which the participants should retrieve. However, this target word had two cue words, which were presented to the participants, were something that they could use as convalescence cues.Another study, Age differences in encoding specificity (Puglisi JT et al, 1988) focuses on how the encoding specificity ability of people are affected by age. In their experiment, participants were separate into 2 groups the first were a group of young adults who had an average age of 19.2, and the second group were old adults with an average age of 71.4. The study task presented had targets and retrieval cues that had either a strong or a weak semantic relationship. Additionally, cues presented at recall were either the same as or different from those presented at encoding, resulting in four encoding cuesretrieval cue combinations (a) strong encoding cue and (same) strong retrieval cue (b) weak encoding cue and (same) weak retrieval cue (c) weak encoding cue and (different) st rong retrieval cue (d) strong encoding cue and (different) weak retrieval cue. (Puglisi JT et al, 1988). Participants were able to recall the target words better when cues at encoding were the same when it was presented to them at retrieval, as compared to participants whose cues in encoding were different in retrieval.They found out however, that when old adults were under divided attention when received verbal cues, there was more evidence of general encoding rather than encoding specificity.Moss study, Modulation of cognitive performance and mood by aromas of peppermint and ylang-ylang focuses on how the aromas of peppermint and ylang-ylang oils help in the cognitive performance of people. Their cognitive performances were measured using the cognitive Drug Research Computerized Assessment System. One group of participants were exposed to the aromas of peppermint and another one was exposed to the aroma of ylang-ylang. There was also a rule group, in which there was no exposure t o any kind of aroma. The results showed that the group that was exposed to the ylang-ylang had better cognitive performance than the control group objet dart the group that was exposed to the peppermint scent did not have a significant difference to the cognitive performance of those in the control group.ReferencesChastain, G. (2014). Attention. Salem weightlift Encyclopedia Of Health,Miles, C., Jenkins, R. (2000). Recency and suffix effects with immediate recall of olfactory stimuli. Memory, 8(3), 195-205. doi10.1080/096582100387605Moss, M., Hewitt, S., Moss, L., Wesnes, K. (2008). Modulation of cognitive performance and mood by aromas of peppermint and ylang-ylang. The world(prenominal) Journal Of Neuroscience, 118(1), 59-77.Puglisi, J., Park, D., Smith, A., Dudley, W. (1988). Age Differences in Encoding Specificity.Journal of Gerontology, P145-P150.Pointer, S. C., Bond, N. W. (1998). Context-dependent memory colour versus odour.Chemical Senses, 23(3), 359-362.Tulving, E., Thomson, D. M. (1973). Encoding specificity and retrieval processes inepisodic memory. Psychological Review, 80(5), 352-373. doi10.1037/h0020071Zeelenberg, R. (2004). Encoding specificity manipulations do affect retrieval frommemory. Acta Psychologica, 107-121.

Female Characters in Bram Stokers Dracula Essay -- Dracula Bram Stoke

Female Characters in Bram Stokers DraculaHaving studied Bram Stokers Dracula as part of my GCSE EnglishCourse, I am going to consider the representation of women in thenovel. The three main characters I will study are Mina, Lucy, and thethree female vampires (belonging to Dracula). I am going to considerthe similarities and differences of each character, and how well they par to traditional puritanical women. I will support my answers withquotes and evidence.During the early twentieth century, the traditional puritanic idealwould be a lady of leisure. A straitlaced woman effectively had only twooptions she was either a virgin- a model of purity and innocence, orshe was to be a wife and produce an heir. If she was uncomplete these,not only would men not take any interest in her, but also she had noconsequence in society. Women had to run the menage and obey theirhusbands, not only them, but to treat all men with respect. Moralbehaviour, and a feminine appearance were also aspects of atraditional Victorian ideal. As well as this, Victorian women wereexpected to be obedient and virtuous.However, in the late 1800?s the Victorian ideal was being challenged,which better became know as the ?New Woman?. These new women were tobe considered the feminists of the time, they rejected clothing thatrestricted their movement, like corsets and petticoats, and otherseven took to riding bicycles. All of these matters evolved into beinga little terror for the traditional way of Victorian life. In Bram Stoker?s ?Dracula?, Mina measures up fairly well as atraditional Victorian woman. She has a good extent of tradition, andshe matches the acquirements well. Mina is beneath veneer ofmodernity ... ...acters fulfil their role well, but sometimes everyone betrays thetradition.Stoker created an image at a first glance that the characters appearto be cast in typical gender roles, the purpose of this being not toupset or threaten the commentator?s sense of how things should be. He thencreates suspense into the actions of the characters, for example, Minaturning into some one like Lucy will she be lost?Bram Stoker shows us with Mina, that she was able to achieve her owngoals, as well as the typical goals of Victorian women. Mina stillcarries on with the tradition as well as maternal instincts, and weknow this from the important information given to us after the novelher having a baby. This is therefore showing us that Victorian Womencould do more than that was traditionally common or expected, withoutthe rebellious, threatening ?New Woman?.